Practical Textile Coolmax fabric is nothing but a blend of polyester fabric created or designed by the trademark Invista. It is developed in 1986. Their goal is to cool the human screen during summer. For the very first time is used for wearing to exercise. But nowadays it has hundreds of applications. Coolmax is made of Coolmax fiber. It is one of the best wicking fabrics.
- What is Coolmax fabric made of?
- What is Coolmax fabric?
- What is cool max fiber?
- What is wicking in fabric?
- Coolmax fabric technology
- Feature of Coolmax fabric/ Specialty of cool max fabric
- Coolmax knitting fabric
- Dyeing of Coolmax fabric with disperse and reactive dyes
- How to finish of Coolmax fabric?
- Testing of Quality and fabric parameter of Coolmax fabric
All the questions will be discussed with a practical experiment.
Coolmax fabric and its different parameters are discussed below.
What is Coolmax fabric?
The fabric which has the properties of cooling technology with permanent moisture-wicking performance is called cool max fabric. Coolmax fabric helps to transfer moisture from the human screen to the outside of the fabric surface. It creates an extra cool feeling in the body. It can also mix with different fibers like wool, viscose, and Tencel to create an extraordinary effect.
What is cool max fiber?
Coolmax fiber is a combination of different polyester fibers. It is the child fiber of polyester fiber. It contains some special properties as well as the parent polyester properties.
what is wicking in fabric?
Wicking is a technology by which moisture is transferred from the inner portion of fabric to the outer surface of the fabric. Coolmax fabric is an ideal example of a wicking fabric.
Coolmax fabric technology
Normal fiver is round in cross-section. So that there is no space between each other. But the Coolmax fibers are oblong/butterfly shape in cross-section. As a result, there is a space among the fibers. For this reason, this Coolmax fiber arrangement has the capability to pass the moisture with the blank space.
Feature of Coolmax fabric/ Specialty of cool max fabric
- Having cooling technology
- Moisture wicking performance
- Transfer out moisture from the skin surface to the outer surface of the fabric and make the skin dry.
- Create extra comfort for the human body/skin.
- Increase the durability of the fabric
- Eco friendly
- Capability to mix or blend to the other fiber.
- Breathable
- Protect the fabric from fading
- Prevent shrinking and wrinkling.
What is Coolmax Fabric Made Of 100% Practical Solution Of Knitting, Dyeing, Finishing, And Testing of Coolmax fabric
Here I am sharing my most recent experience which I did. I am explaining all the required parameters of knitting dyeing finishing and testing Coolmax fabric.
Target Parameter:
| Fabric type | Coolmax Interlock |
| Composition | 60% cotton + 40% Coolmax polyester |
| Color Name /Pantone | Olive |
| Shade % | 0.2% |
| Repaired Diameter | 170 cm |
| Required GSM | 280 |
| Special Note | The special fabric needs special care |
Estimated target process flow chart of Coolmax fabric:
Knitting of Coolmax Fabric:
Imported Coolmax yarn parameter:
We imported yarn from a reputed company for this moisture-wicking fabric. I am sharing the below parameter.
| Yarn count and Type | 30 count coolmax polyester |
| Yarn Composition | 60% cotton and 40% Coolmax polyester |
| Yarn Brand | A Reported Company |
Knitting setting Parameter of Coolmax fabric:
The setting parameter of knitting to get our target fabric is in the below table.
| Machine Dia and Gauge | 34 & 24G |
| Total Needle | 5120 |
| Stitch length | 30 |
| Machine Brand | Orizio |
| Machine RPM | 10 |
The parameter after Knitting of cotton Coolmax blends fabric:
After completing knitting we get the fabric parameter stated below table.
| Grey fabric width (Dia) | 208 cm open |
| Gray GSM | 240 |
Dyeing of Coolmax fabric with dispersed and reactive dyes:
Here we have completed knitting of this Ponte Coolmax polyester fabric. Now we have the dye the fabric. We discussed below all the flow processes of dyeing which we did for this batch.
Dyeing of Coolmax process flow Chart:
Short description of cotton fabric dyeing process flow chart:
I am giving here a short description for a better understanding of all the processes.
Batching:
Knitted fabric is collected from the knitting gray store and created a batch here. Batch means the prepared fabric in dyeable format. Knitting is done roll to roll. Here fabric creates a rope according to the loading capacity of the dyeing machine. A batch card is also created for storing all the knitting and dyeing process parameters.
Heat Setting for this special Ponte Roma fabric:
Heat setting is the process of a starter machine to control the dimensional stability of the fabric. This process is added to control the mechanical deformation of a knitted fabric like crease marks, long marks, Fabric side twisting, etc. This process is not needed for all the fabric. It is not possible to state all the fabric types. I am giving only some of the fabric which is in my mind right now.
The heat setting is done for the fabric which is given below table:
| Fabric Type | GSM Range |
| Elastane / lycra fabric | All gsm fabric |
| Single jersey fabric | 180 and above |
| Fleece / terry | 350 and above |
| 100% polyester fabric/ PC fabric | All gsm fabric |
| Special constructional fabric | All gsm fabric( Depends on target swatch) |
| All types of CVC fabric | All GSM (Which need polyester part dyeing) |
| Tightly knitted fabric | All Gsm fabric |
Heat Setting parameter of this special Coolmax fabric and result:
Temperature : 180’C
Over feed : 30%
Machine speed : 22
Padder pressure : 1st padder- 3, 2nd padder- 2
Ist batch liquid : Lubricant & oil remover
2nd Batch Liquid : Lubricant
Before GSM : 180
After GSM : 325
| Setting parameter name | Before heat set | Setting In stenter machine | After heat set |
| Fabric diameter | 240 | 280 | 273 |
Loading to dyeing machine:
It is the 4th step of the dyeing process. Lubricant is injected into the machine for avoiding friction between the machine and the fabric surface. Then load the fabric. Cycle time, Pump pressure, Reel speed, and Nozzle pressure setting is controlled here. Then rise the temperature to 80’c and run 10min. Drain and wash.
Polyester part dyeing of the Coolmax polyester fabric with dispersed dyes:
Control the PH 4.5 then raise the temperature to 130’c and run 45min. Cooling and drain if the shade is ok.
Reduction Cleaning:
The unfixed dispersed dyes are removed from the surface of the fabric. The unfixed dyes means the dyes which are not completely fixed with the fabric. It improves the fastness properties of the fabric.
Scouring and Bleaching:
Normally scouring and bleaching are two different processes in oven fabric. But for knitting fabric, is done in the same batch. For the dyeing of Coolmax fabric, we use caustic soda and hydrogen peroxide a little bit used to scour and bleach here.
Dyeing:
A Reactive dyeing process is used here. This is one of the best sensitive fabrics. So that it needs special care to get better results. This is why we use a perfect dyeing process. The result of this fabric dyeing process is good to use. I am personally using this process in my factory for better results.
After-treatment:
In this stage, neutralization is done. Then the unfixed dyes are removed by a soaping agent. Better or high-temperature soaping will give you better fastness properties. But here the dye shade% is low. So that no need to high soaping. Here core neutralizer is used to get better results. But we can also use only ascetic acid for naturalization.
Special note For dyeing of Coolmax fabric:
Over sure about the PH of the dye bath during dispersed dyes and other stages, Need proper heat setting. Lubricant must have to inject before loading the fabric. The cycle time range will be 2min-3min (Not below 2min).
Dyeing process of Coolmax yarn fabric step by step:
Color Name : Olive
Batch quantity : 10kg
Dyeing Type : Disperse and reactive dyeing
M:L : 1: 10
Enzyme Type : No
Cycle Time : 2.5 min
Special Note : Care full about PH and the process
Polyester Part Dyeing
Oxalic acid and anti-creasing agent hot 80’c temperature
Run 10min
Drain and fill
Control Ph 4.5
Leveling of dispersing dyeing and Antecreaseing agent injects
Run 10min
Rise temperature 80’c
Color(disperse dyes) dossing 30min
Run 10min
Rise temperature 130’c Grade 0.5
Run 45min
Cooling at 80’c Grade 0.5
Check the shade
If ok drain the dye batch
Reduction Cleaning
Dossing the soda ash lt for 10min
then rise the temperature at 80’c
rise the chemical tank temperature 80’c also
inject the hydro’s
rise the temperature to 95’c
run 15min
cooling at 80’c
drain
Scouring & Bleaching
Detergent + Anti-creasing agent = Inject
Temp 40c*= Fabric Load
Soda ash light Dosing
Temperature 60c*20 Minute
Temperature 70c
Sequestering agent + H2O2 Dosing 5 Minute
Temp to 95’C & run 50 Minute
Cooling at 78’C
Sample check
If the sample ok then Drain
Normal Hot 70*10
Peroxide killer 60*10 Minute
Drain
Naturalization with acid
Drain
Wash 10 min
Dyeing Viscose part
Leveling Ph check 6.20
Leveling Dosing 60c 3 Minute
Color Dosing 25 Minutes
Runtime 10 minute
1st 10% Salt Dosing 15 Minute
Runtime 10 Minute
2nd 20% Salt dosing 15 Minute
Runtime 10 Minute
3rd 70% Salt Dosing 15 Minute
Runtime 10 Minute
Salt Sample check
1st 10% Soda dosing 15 minute
Runtime 10 minute
90% Soda dosing 25 minute
Runtime 10 minute
Sample check
BD
Hot wash
Acid
Unload
Finishing Process of Coolmax fabric:
Now we completed dyeing this fabric. Now we discuss the finishing process and parameter step by step below:
Finishing flow chart of Coolmax fabric:
Short Description of the flow process stages for better understanding:
Slitting:
After dyeing the fabric we get it as a tube format fabric. But we have to use an open center and compacting machine to get better results. So that the fabric needs to open. This is why we use this machine to open this fabric.
Setting parameter And result:
| Machine speed | 40 |
| Padder Pressure | 1.5 |
| Fabric In Diameter | 34 Cm (Tube) |
| Fabric Out Diameter | 170 Cm ( open) |
Stenter:
We dry the fabric and control the diameter, GSM, and shrinkage. For this, we need to appropriate setting. I am giving the setting which I did for this batch
Setting parameter of stenter:
| Speed | 14 |
| Diameter | 180 |
| Temperature | 110’C |
| Overfeed | 20% |
| Paddler pressure | 3+2 |
| After stenter | |
| Fabric diameter | 172 |
| GSM | 273 |
Compacting:
| Compacting Parameter | ||||
| Common Setting | Overfeed | 30% | ||
| Speed/RPM | 14 | |||
| Temp | 120 | |||
| Steam Pressure | 30 | |||
| Topic | Target | Before | setting | after |
| Dia | 150 | 170 | 170 | 170 |
| Gsm | 280 | 273 | 290 | |
| Shrinkage | ||||
| Tumble dry | Length | -3% | ||
| Width | -3%% | |||
| Spiralinity | 2% | |||
| Re Tumble | Length | -0.5% | ||
| width | 1.00% | |||
| Spirality | 0.0% |
Full dia, gsm, and shrinkage are controlled here. Better appearance and looking are done here. The overall quality of dyeing is controlled here.
I am giving the parameter which I have done for the subjective batch.
Special Note: Wash GSM =308
All the parameters are actual which I got during the process.
Now the fabric is sent to the testing lab for all the test reports.
Comments: All the finishing parameter is ok.
The testing report of Coolmax fabric:
How many Tests will be done on the fabric depending on the buyer’s requirement? This batch is done for development so the basic testing is done here. We did the test..
Testing of Quality and fabric parameters of Coolmax fabric
How many Tests will be done on the fabric depending on the buyer’s requirement? This batch is done for development so the basic testing is done here. We did the test.
EXPERIENT DATE: 20 October 2021
Applicant’s Name: M. K. Islam
Contact Name: M. K. Islam
Sample Details:
Sample Received: 18 October 2021, Time:02:00pm
Test Period: 18 October 2021 to 20 October 2021
Turn Around Time: 03 days
No of Sample Received: Two (02) Meter
Sample Description & Color Name: Knitted Interlock Fabric Sample Marked as (A) in Color Olive
Style Name : CEL COOLMAX INTERLOCK
Fiber Declaration : 60% Cotton 40% Coolmax Polyester
Fabric Weight : 280 GSM
Followed Care Instruction :
Test Program : Package Test
Buyer Name : Practical Textile
Conclusion of Test Results:
| Sl. No. | Test Name | Results (A) |
| 01 | Dimensional Stability to washing | Pass |
| 02 | Angular Variation After Washing | Pass |
| 03 | Color Fastness to Washing | Pass |
| 04 | Color Fastness To Rubbing | Pass |
| 05 | Color Fastness To Water | Pass |
| 06 | Color Fastness to Perspiration | Pass |
| 07 | Pilling Resistance (ICI BOX Method) | Pass |
| 08 | Mass per unit area | Pass |
TEST RESULTS OF COOLMAZ FABRIC
01. Dimensional Stability To Washing
Test Method : NF EN ISO 5077/6330/3759
Wash Condition: Normal Program, Machine wash @40ºC, Tumble dry, Used Front loading washing Machine Wascator with 15.4gm ECE reference Detergent, 4gm Sodium Per borate and 0.65gm TAED Solution With 2 Kg Load.
| Sample (A) | After Three Wash | |
| Direction | Result | Client Requirement |
| Length | -0.5% | ±5% |
| Width | -1.0% |
Remark: (+) Means Extension And (-) Means Shrinkage
02. Angular Variation After Washing
Test Method: ISO16322-1: 2005
Wash Condition: Normal Program, Machine wash @40ºC, Tumble Dry, Used Front loading washing Machine Wascator with 15.4gm ECE reference Detergent, 4gm Sodium Per borate, and 0.65gm TAED Solution With 2 Kg Load.
| Sample (A) | Result (After Three Wash) | Client Requirement |
| Spirality | 0.5% | 5% |
03. Color Fastness To Washing
Test Method: NF EN ISO 105 CO6-A2S:2010
Test Condition: Temperature at 40 degrees, Time 30 min, Detergent 4g/l ECE,1 g/l Sodium Per borate With 10 Pcs Steel Balls
| Sample (A) | Result | Client Requirement |
| Color Change | 4 | 4 |
| Color Staining | 3-4 | |
| -Acetate | 4 | |
| -Cotton | 4 | |
| -Nylon | 4 | |
| -Polyester | 4 | |
| -Acrylic | 4-5 | |
| -wool | 4-5 |
04. Color Fastness To Rubbing
Test Method: NF EN ISO 105 X12:2016
Test Condition: As Received Stage
| Sample (A) | Result | Client Requirement |
| Dry Rub | 4-5 | 3-4 |
| Wet Rub | 3-4 | 3 |
05. Color Fastness To Water
Test Method: NF EN ISO 105 E01:2013
Test Condition: Temperature at 37±2 degrees, Time 4 hours.
| Sample (A) | Result | Client Requirement |
| Color Change | 4 | 4 |
| Color Staining | 3-4 | |
| -Acetate | 4 | |
| -Cotton | 4 | |
| -Nylon | 4 | |
| -Polyester | 4-5 | |
| -Acrylic | 4-5 | |
| -wool | 4-5 |
06. Color Fastness To Perspiration
Test Method: NF EN ISO 105 E04:2013
Test Condition: Temperature at 37±2 degrees, Time 4 hours.
| Sample (A) | Result | Client Requirement | |
| Acid | Alkaline | ||
| Color Change | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Color Staining | 3-4 | ||
| -Acetate | 4 | 4 | |
| -Cotton | 4 | 4 | |
| -Nylon | 4 | 4 | |
| -Polyester | 4-5 | 4-5 | |
| -Acrylic | 4-5 | 4-5 | |
| -wool | 4-5 | 4-4 |
07. Resistance Of Pilling (ICI BOX Method)
Test Method: NF EN ISO 12945-1:2020
Wash Condition: After Three Wash (ISO 6330, Normal Program@40ºC, Tumble dry)
| Sample (A) | Result | Client Requirement |
| After 14, 400 Cycle, 4hrs | ||
| Grade | 4 | 4 |
| Note: Fuzzy Effects were observed |
08. Mass Per Unit Area
Test Method: NF EN ISO 3801: 1977, method 5
Test Stage: As Received Stage
| Sample (A) | Result | Client Requirement |
| Average | 293.8 g/m2 | 280 g/m2 (±5%) |
Conclusion:
I am sharing here my full Coolmax fabric made of yarn to fabric knitting, dyeing, and finishing process with a flow chart. A complete practical Gide line is available here. Of course, everyone can ask me any process-related questions in the comment section. I will answer the entire question. As a textile engineer, I think I can solve problems from my 10 years of practical experience.
Research Links:
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