Practical Textile 
Dyeing is the process of coloring textile fiber. The dyeing process in textiles depends on some factors-
- Fiber type
- Fabric type
- Dyes behavior
- Machine condition
- Raw materials
- Shade %
Some common dyeing processes in the textile industry are discussed below. Which is also discussed in my other posts. This process is so effective at the factory level. All the processes are 100% applied processes. So that everyone can use this process to get better production and better quality fabric.
100% cotton fabric Dyeing process in textile:
Cotton is a cellulosic fiber. So the dyeing process will be a reactive dyeing process. Because the reactive dyeing process is widely used in the textile industry. A dyeing process is given below:
Load the fabric
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Scouring and bleaching of fabric
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Leveling at 40⁰C tem
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Salt Dosing 10min
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Runtime 5 min
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Color Dosing 30min
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Runtime 10 minute
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Soda Dosing 1g/l 20 minute
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Runtime 5 minute
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Rest of the Soda 30 minute
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Runtime 20 minute
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Rise the temperature to 60⁰C
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Runtime 15 min
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Shade check
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If ok the shade according to the requirement
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Drain
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After treatment
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Unload
NB: Dyes% depends on the shade and chemical dosing depends on the supplier’s recommendation.
100% Tencel fiber dyeing process
Tencel/Lyocell is the regenerated cellulose fiber. So that we use her reactive Dyeing process in the textile are discussed below:
Inject lubricating agent and Oil remover
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Temp 60⁰C= Fabric Load
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Soda Ash Lt Dosing
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Temperature 80⁰C*15 Minute run
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Drain
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Temperature 70⁰C
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Sequestering agent + H2O2 Dosing 5 Minute
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Runtime 70⁰C*40 Minute
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Drain
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Normal Hot 70⁰C and 10 min run
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Acid 60⁰C*10 Minute
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Levelling PH check 6.20
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Levelling Dosing 60⁰C 3 Min
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Color Dosing 25 Min
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Runtime 10 min
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Color Dosing 20 min
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Runtime 10
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1st 10% Salt Dosing 10 Min
⇓
Runtime 10 Min
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2nd 20% Salt dosing 10 Min
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Runtime 10 Min
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3rd 70% Salt Dosnig 10 Min
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Runtime 10 Min
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Salt Sample check
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1st 10% Soda dosing 15 minute
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Runtime 10 minute
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2nd 20% Soda dosing 15 minute
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Runtime 10 minute
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3rd 70% Soda dosing 15 minute
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Runtime 10 minute
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Sample check
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if ok then
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Bath Drain
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Hot wash
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Soaping
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Acid + Enzyme
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Unload
100% Nylon Dyeing process
Nylon is a manmade fiber and here we have to use acid dyes. Here we have to create the acid medium
Loading hot with detergent
⇓
Leveling (PH 4.50-5.0)
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Dyes Dosing 10-minute Temperature 40⁰C
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Temperature Increase 98⁰C/1⁰C
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Runtime 30 minute
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Colling 80⁰C/1⁰C
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Shade check
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Bath drain
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Cold rinse 10 minutes
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Soaping agent 2g/l (pH5.00 g/l)
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Temperature 80*15 minute
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Cold wash10 minute
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Fixing 2 g/l
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Cold water softener 1g/l (pH 5.00-5.50)
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Unload
NB: Dyes% depends on the shade and chemical dosing depends on the supplier’s recommendation.
NATURAL DYEING PROCESS
Natural dyeing is a doda-free dyeing process. As a result, it is eco-friendly and good for human skin. But even dyeing is not possible here.
Scouring
!
Enzyme
!
Leveling 1.00 G/L
!
Salt dosing 15 min
!
Run time 10 min
!
Color dosing 30⁰C^ 30 min
!
Run time 30 min (take a sample)
!
Rise Temp 80⁰C- 1⁰C per min
!
Run time 45 min
!
Colling
!
Drain
!
Rinse Wash 80⁰C Run= 10 min
!
Cold Wash
!
Soaping hot 70⁰C Run 10 min
!
Softener
!
Unload
NB: Dyes% depends on the shade and chemical dosing depends on the supplier’s recommendation.
100% Viscose fabric dyeing process:
Viscose is a regenerated cellulose fiber. So we use here reactive dyeing process. The absorbency of viscose fabric is much higher. Strength is also lower than other cotton fabrics. So the dyeing process of this fabric is very sensitive.
Lubricant + oil remover= sequestering agent= Inject
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Temp 40⁰C= Fabric Load
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Soda Ash Lt + Multifunctional scouring agent Dosing 5 minute
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Rice the temperature 70⁰C
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H2O2 Dosing 5 Minute
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Runtime 80⁰C*40 Minute
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Drain
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Normal Hot 70⁰C*10
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Acid 60⁰C*10 Minute
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Leveling Ph check 6.20
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Leveling Dosing 60⁰C 3 Minute
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Color Dosing 25 Minute
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Runtime 10
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1st 10% Salt Dosing 10 Minute
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Runtime 10 Minute
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2nd 20% Salt dosing 10 Minute
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Runtime 10 Minute
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3rd 70% Salt dosing 10 Minute
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Temperature 80⁰C 15 minute
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Colling 60⁰C
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Salt Sample check
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1st 10% Soda dosing 15 minute
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Runtime 10 minute
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2nd 20% Soda dosing 15 minute
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Runtime 10 minute
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3rd 70% Soda dosing 15 minute
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Runtime 10 minute
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Sample check
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Bath drain
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Hot wash
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Acid
⇓
Unload
NB: Dyes% depends on the shade and chemical dosing depends on the supplier’s recommendation.
Conclusion:
The dyeing process can vary from factory to factory. But the basics of the dyeing process is the same. The stated process can be used by any factory for knit fabric.
You may read some other articles:
- Knit Fabric Finishing Flow Chart (Open And Tube)
- Turquoise Color Dyeing Process With Simple and Easy Steps
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